Wednesday, October 29, 2008

Tuesday, October 28, 2008

10/28/08

A network operating system (NOS) is software that controls a network and its message (e.g. packet) traffic and queues, controls access by multiple users to network resources such as files, and provides for certain administrative functions, including security.


  1. 6WINDGate
  2. Cisco IOS
  3. BSD

Windows Mobile is a compact operating system combined with a suite of basic applications for mobile devices based on the Microsoft Win32 API.

Symbian Symbian OS C++ for Mobile Phones, Volume 3 is the latest addition to Richard Harrison's best-selling series. This fully updated sequel contains material from earlier books revised to reflect the introduction of Symbian OS v9 and supplementary chapters covering new technologies.

Palm OS (also known as Garnet OS) is an embedded operating system initially developed by U.S. Robotics' owned Palm Computing, Inc. for personal digital assistants (PDAs) in 1996. Palm OS is designed for ease of use with a touchscreen-based graphical user interface.

Android is a software platform and operating system for mobile devices, based on the Linux kernel, developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance.

Monday, October 27, 2008

assignment 10/27/08

FTP-File Transfer Protocol is a network protocol used to transfer data from one computer to another through a network such as the Internet.
TELNET-Telnet is a network protocol used on the Internet or local area network connections.
HTTP-Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a communications protocol for the transfer of information on the Internet.
CLIENT/SERVER-Client/server describes the relationship between two computer programs in which one program, the client, makes a service request from another program, the server.
IP ADDRESS- Internet Protocol address is a numerical identification that is assigned to devices participating in a computer network utilizing the Internet Protocol for communication between its nodes.
DNS- Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system for computers, services, or any resource participating in the Internet.
DAEMONS-daemon is a computer program that runs in the background, rather than under the direct control of a user; they are usually initiated as background processes.
PROTOCOL- protocol is a convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communication, and data transfer between two computing endpoints.

Thursday, October 23, 2008

Topology




Topology is the branch of mathematics that studies the properties of a space that are preserved under continuous deformations.






Bus topology connects each computer (nodes) to a single segment trunk (a communication line, typically coax cable, that is referred to as the 'bus'. The signal travels from one end of the bus to the other. A terminator is required at each to absorb the signal so as it does not reflect back across the bus. A media access method called CSMA/MA is used to handle the collision that occur when two signals placed on the wire at the same time.







Star Topology is the most common type of network topology that is used in homes and offices. In the Star Topology there is a central connection point called the hub which is a computer hub or sometimes just a switch. In a Star Network the best advantage is when there is a failure in cable then only one computer might get affected and not the entire network.










Ring topology is a type of computer network configuration where each network computer and device are connected to each other forming a large circle (or similar shape). Each packet is sent around the ring until it reaches its final destination. Today, the ring topology is seldom used. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using a ring topology.
Pros And Cons

Ring Topology:
Pros1. Very orderly network where every device has access to the token and the opportunity to transmit. 2. Performs better than a star topology under heavy network load. Can create much larger network using Token Ring.3. Does not require network server to manage the connectivity between the computers.
Cons1. One malfunctioning workstation or bad port in the MAU can create problems for the entire network 2. Moves, adds and changes of devices can affect the network 3. Network adapter cards and MAU's are much more expensive than Ethernet cards and hubs
Bus Topology:
Pros – 1. Easy to implement and extend 2.Requires less cable length than a star topology 3. Well suited for temporary or small networks not requiring high speeds(quick setup) 4. Cheaper than other topologies
Cons – 1. Limited cable length and number of stations. 2. If there is a problem with the cable, the entire network goes down. Maintenance costs may be higher in the long run. 3. Performance degrades as additional computers are added or on heavy traffic. Proper termination is required (loop must be in closed path). 4. Significant Capacitive Load (each bus transaction must be able to stretch to most distant link). 5. It works best with limited number of nodes. 6. It is slower than the other topologies.
Star Topology
Pros 1. Performance: Data packets do not travel through any unnecessary nodes. Communication between any two devices on the network involves at most three devices and two links. The isolation of traffic between nodes means that heavy utilization from one device is invisible to other devices on the network, provided that the central hub retains adequate capacity. 2. Isolation: Each device is isolated on its own link. This makes it easy to isolate individual devices from the network by disconnecting them from the hub. Any non-centralized failure will have very little effect on the network.
Cons – 1. The primary disadvantage of a star topology is the high dependence of the system on the functioning of the central hub. 2.While the failure of an individual link only results in the isolation of a single node, the failure of the central hub renders the network inoperable, immediately isolating all nodes.

Wednesday, October 22, 2008

Assignment for October 22,2008

local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school, or an airport.

Metropolitan area networks, or MANs, are large computer networks usually spanning a city.

Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer networkthat covers a broad area (i.e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries.

Hub generally means center' or 'place', and may refer to
Node (networking) in a computer network
  • Network Hub, computer networking device
router is a computer whose software and hardware are usually tailored to the tasks of routing and forwarding information.

A Network card, Network Adapter, LAN Adapter or NIC (network interface card) is a piece of computer designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network.

MAN: Modem-128 - 384 Kbps (Kilobytes per second) /$130
DSL-up to 24Mbps downstream and 3.5Mbps upstream)/ $82 to $115
BellSouth FastAccess DSL Xtreme -speeds of up to 3Mbps/ $5 to $37.95 per month.

Tuesday, October 21, 2008

Assignment For 10/21/08

  • Web 2.0-Web 2.0 is a trend in the use of World Wide Web technology and web design that aims to facilitate creativity, information sharing, and, most notably, collaboration among users.
  1. Myspace
  2. Facebook
  3. Bebo
  4. Tagged
  5. I Love Photos

  • CMS- content management system (CMS) is a computer application used to create, edit, manage, and publish content in a consistently organized fashion.
  • E- Commerce-e-commerce is the online transaction of business, featuring linked computer systems of the vendor, host, and buyer.
  1. A Shareware Marketing Primer 1.1
  2. buySAFE Shopping Advisor 2.1.1

Tuesday, October 14, 2008

VoIP

VoIP- is an IP telephony term for a set of facilities used to manage the delivery of voice information over the Internet.

Providers

  • Comcast Corporation
  • Buckeye Telesystem Inc.
  • ClearSky Broadband, Inc.

Thursday, October 9, 2008

Web 2.0 Websites

WEB 2.0 WEBSITES

  1. Ilovephotos -I like it because you get to edit and manage photos. The reason why I don’t like about it that when you print it you see pixels
  2. Myspace - I like it because you can keep in touch with friends. I don’t is that its so popular.
  3. Facebook – I like it because I can keep in touch with people I don’t talk to any more.
  4. NoMoreNotebooks – You get to bet on product. You don’t get to talk to people personally.
Customized girl –I like it because you get to design your own clothes. You don’t get to show them to real designers

Tuesday, October 7, 2008

Timeline Of The Internet

•J.C.R. Licklider & W. Clark write first paper on Internet Concept, "On-Line Man Computer 1958
. President Eisenhower requests funds to create ARPA. Approved as a line item in Air Force appropriations bill.
1961
. Len Kleinrock, Professor of Computer Science at UCLA, writes first paper on packet switching, "Information Flow in Large Communications Nets." Paper published in RLE Quarterly Progress Report.
1962
Communications."• Len Kleinrock writes Communication Nets, which describes design for packet switching network; used for ARPAnet

1964
. Paul Baran writes, "On Distributed Communications Networks," first paper on using message blocks to send info across a decentralized networktopology(Nodes and Links)
Oct. 1965
. First Network Experiment: Directed by Larry Roberts at MIT Lincoln Lab, two computers talked to each other using packet-switching technology.
Dec. 1966
. ARPA project begins. Larry Roberts is chief scientist.
Dec. 1968

. ARPANet contract given to Bolt, Beranek & Newman (BBN) in Cambridge, Mass.
Sept. 1, 1969
. First ARPANet
node installed at UCLA Network Measurement Center. Kleinrock hooked up the Interface Message Processor to a Sigma 7 Computer.
Oct. 1, 1969
. Second node installed at Stanford Research Institute; connected to a SDS 940 computer. The first ARPANet message sent: "lo." Trying to spell log-in, but the system crashed!
Nov. 1, 1969
. Third node installed at University of California, Santa Barbara. Connected to an IBM 360/75.
Dec. 1, 1969
. Fourth node installed at University of Utah. Connected to a DEC PDP-10.
March 1970
. Fifth node installed at BBN, across the country in Cambridge, Mass.
July 1970
. Alohanet, first packet radio network, operational at University of Hawaii.
March 1972
. First basic e-mail programs written by Ray Tomlinson at BBN for ARPANET: SNDMSG and READMAIL. "@" sign chosen for its "at" meaning.
March 1973
. First ARPANET international connections to University College of London (England) and NORSAR (Norway).
1974
. Intelreleases the 8080 processor.• Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn publish "A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection," which details the design of TCP.
1976
. Apple Computer founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.• Queen Elizabeth II sends out an e-mail.. Vint Cerf joins ARPA as program manager.
1978
. TCP split into TCP and IP.
1979
. Bob Metcalfe and others found 3Com (Computer Communication Compatibility).
1980
. Tim Berners-Lee writes program called "Enquire Within," predecessor to the World Wide Web.
1981
. IBM announces its first Personal Computer. Microsoft creates DOS.
1983
. Cisco Systems founded.
Nov. 1983
. Domain Name System (DNS) designed by Jon Postel, Paul Mockapetris, and Craig Partridge. .edu, .gov, .com, .mil, .org, .net, and .int created.

1984
• William Gibson writes "Neuromancer." Coins the term "cyberspace".• Apple Computer introduces the Macintosh on January 24th.
March 15, 1985
. Symbolic.com becomes the first registered domain.
1986
. 5000 hosts on ARPAnet/Internet.
1987
• 10,000 hosts on the Internet.• First Cisco routershipped.• 25 million PCs sold in US.
1989
• 100,000 hosts on Internet.• McAfee Associates founded; anti-virus software available for free. Quantum becomes America Online.
1990
. ARPAnet ends. Tim Berners-Lee creates the World Wide Web.

1992
"Surfing the Internet" is coined by Jean Armour Polly.
1993
. Mosaic Web browser developed by Marc Andreesen at University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana.. InterNICcreated.• Web grows by 341,000 percent in a year.

April 1994
. Netscape Communications founded.• Jeff Bezos writes the business plan for Amazon.com.. Java's first public demonstration.

Dec. 1994
Microsoft licenses technology from Spyglass to create Web browser for Windows 95.
May 23, 1995
. Sun Microsystems releases Java.
August 24, 1995
. Windows 95 released.
1996
. Domain name tv.com sold to CNET for $15,000. Browser wars begin. Netscape and Microsoft two biggest players.
1997
. business.com sold for $150,000.
January 1998
. Microsoft reaches a partial settlement with the Justice Department that allows personal computer makers to remove or hide its Internet software on new versions of Windows 95.. Netscape announces plans to give its browser away for free.
1998
. US Depart of Commerce outlines proposal to privatize DNS. ICANN created by Jon Postel to oversee privatization. Jon Postel dies.
1999
•AOL buys Netscape; Andreesen steps down as full-time employee.• Browsers wars declared over; Netscape and Microsoft share almost 100% of browser market.• Microsoft declared a monopoly by US District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson.•Shawn Fanning creates Napster, opening the possibilities of peer-to-peer file sharing and igniting a copyright war in the music industry.
2000
. Fixed wireless, high-speed Internet technology is now seen as a viable alternative to copper and fiber optic lines placed in the ground.. The Dot-Com Bubble bursts. A majority of the dot-coms ceased trading after burning through their venture capital, often without ever making a net profit.
January 10, 2000
• AOL Merges with Time-Warner. AOL shareholders take 55% stake in newly formed company.
February 2000
. A large-scale denial of service attack is launched against some major Web sites like Yahoo! and eBay, alerting Web sites to the need for tighter security measures. . 10,000,000 domain names have been registered.
September 2000
. There are 20,000,000 websites on the Internet, numbers doubling since February 2000.
July 2001
. A federal judge rules that Napster must remain offline until it can prevent copyrighted material
from being shared by its users. . The Code Red worm and Sircam virus infiltrate thousands of web servers and email accounts, respectively, causing a spike in Internet bandwidth usage and security breaches. November 2001
. The European Council adopts the first treaty addressing criminal offenses committed over the Internet. . First uncompressed real-time gigabit HDTV transmission across a wide-area IP network takes place on Internet2.
January 2002
. .name begins resolving
January 2003
. The SQL Slammer worm causes one of the largest and fastest spreading DDoS attacks ever, taking only 10 minutes to spread worldwide.. The Internet celebrates its 'unofficial' 20th birthday.
September 2003
. The RIAA sues 261 individuals for allegedly distributing copyright music files over peer-to-peer networks
December 2003
. The Research project "How much information 2003" finds that Instant messaging generates five billion messages a day (750GB), or 274 Terabytes a year and that e-mail generates about 400,000 terabytes of new information each year worldwide.
2005
. YouTube.com launches
2006
. There are an estimated 92 million Web sites online
May 2006
. A massive DDOS assault on Blue Security, an anti-spam company, is redirected by Blue Security staff to their Movable Type-hosted
blog. The result is that the DDOS instead knocks out all access to over 1.8 million active blogs.
August 2006
. AOL announces that they will give for free virtually every service for which it charged a monthly fee, with income coming instead from advertising.
October2006
. There are an estimated 92 million Web sites online (some stats say over 100 million). Google Inc. acquires YouTube for $1.65 billion in a stock-for-stock tran
saction.
January 2007
. Microsoft launches its various consumer versions of Microsoft Vista.
February 2007
. Apple surpasses one billion iTunes downloads.
March 2007
. 1.114 billion people use the Internet according to Internet World Stats.
April 2007
. Search engine giant Google surpasses Microsoft as "the most valuable global brand," and also is the most visited Web site.

Monday, October 6, 2008

Video Game

Video games were introduced as a commercial entertainment medium in 1971, becoming the basis for an important entertainment industry in the late 1970s/early 1980s in the United States, Japan, and Europe. After a disastrous industry collapse in 1983 and a subsequent rebirth two years later, the video game industry has experienced sustained growth for over two decades to become a $10 billion industry, which rivals the motion picture industry as the most profitable entertainment industry in the world.

Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc


T-Dimension

Tuesday, September 23, 2008

september 23,2008

AVI Player
Vplayer
DivX Web Player
Cliprex Video Software
Macromedia Flash
VLC media player
BestPlayer
KMPlayer
GOM Player



ten similarities is Blu-ray and HD-DVD can both use the same audio formats: Dolby TrueHD, Dolby Digital Plus, DTS-HD, and Uncompressed PCM.Blu-ray and HD-DVD can both use the same video formats: MPEG2, VC1, H264, MPEG4.Blu-ray and HD-DVD both employ Blue Laser technology - Don't get mislead by the actual disc packaging: Blu-ray packaging is Blue and HD-DVD packaging is Red. The packaging colors are a marketing decisions and do not have amything to do with the fact that both formats use Blue Lasers to read the discs. +

The difference is that HD DVD and Blu-ray are different high-definition DVD formats. Both offer huge visual improvements over the current generation of DVDs and both are getting a lot of press, due in part to video game consoles.

Thursday, September 18, 2008

audio formats

  1. wav – standard audio file container format used mainly in Windows PCs.
  2. ogg – a free, open source container format supporting a variety of codecs, the most popular of which is the audio codec Vorbis.
  3. flac – a lossless compression codec.


Tuesday, September 16, 2008

Assignment fo September 16,2008 @

Adobe Photoshop SpeedUp 1.00

  • Adobe
    Photoshop SpeedUp significantly decreases the time it takes to load Adobe Photoshop by disabling the plug-ins that you may not need. There are several options such as whether to load the Adobe fonts, load the presets, and set the memory usage. You may restore to the original settings at any time. Adobe Photoshop SpeedUp is freeware, works with Adobe Photoshop versions 3 through 8.

  • Features:

    Free Photoshop Tweak Utility for Adobe Photoshop version 4 through 8
    Enable or disable the plug-ins as needed
    Do not load
    Adobe fonts CMap and Base
    Do not load Photoshop Presets
    Optimize and reset Maximum Memory Usage
    Restore to original settings with a click of the Restore button at any time

Assignment fo September 16,2008

.jpeg-is a commonly used method of compression for photographic images.
.png- is a file format for image compression that, in time, is expected to replace the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) that is widely used on today's Internet.
.bmp-is an image file format used to store digital images especially on Microsoft Windows andOS/2 operating systems.

Tuesday, September 9, 2008

Browsers

www.mozilla.com/firefox/
www.safari.com
www.netscape.com
www.flock.com

New Browser Chrome

Monday, September 8, 2008

History Of Windows Media Operating System

Timeline of releases
Release date
Product name
Current Version / Build
Notes
Last IE
November 1985
Windows 1.01
1.01
Unsupported
-
November 1987
Windows 2.03
2.03
Unsupported
-
March 1989
Windows 2.11
2.11
Unsupported
-
May 1990
Windows 3.0
3.0
Unsupported
-
March 1992
Windows 3.1x
3.1
Unsupported
5
October 1992
Windows For Workgroups 3.1
3.1
Unsupported
5
July 1993
Windows NT 3.1
NT 3.1
Unsupported
5
December 1993
Windows For Workgroups 3.11
3.11
Unsupported
5
January 1994
Windows 3.2 (released in Simplified Chinese only)
3.2
Unsupported
5
September 1994
Windows NT 3.5
NT 3.5
Unsupported
5
May 1995
Windows NT 3.51
NT 3.51
Unsupported
5
August 1995
Windows 95
4.0.950
Unsupported
5
July 1996
Windows NT 4.0
NT 4.0.1381
Unsupported
6
June 1998
Windows 98
4.10.1998
Unsupported
6
May 1999
Windows 98 SE
4.10.2222
Unsupported
6
February 2000
Windows 2000
NT 5.0.2195
Extended Support until July 13, 2010[19]
6
September 2000
Windows Me
4.90.3000
Unsupported
6
October 2001
Windows XP
NT 5.1.2600
Current for SP2 and SP3 (RTM and SP1 unsupported).
8
March 2003
Windows XP 64-bit Edition 2003
NT 5.2.3790
Unsupported
6
April 2003
Windows Server 2003
NT 5.2.3790
Current for SP1, R2, SP2 (RTM unsupported).
8
April 2005
Windows XP Professional x64 Edition
NT 5.2.3790
Current
8
July 2006
Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs
NT 5.1.2600
Current
-
November 2006 (volume licensing)January 2007 (retail)
Windows Vista
NT 6.0.6001
Current. Version Changed to NT 6.0.6001 with SP1 (February 4th 08)
8
July 2007
Windows Home Server
NT 5.2.4500
Current
8
February 2008
Windows Server 2008
NT 6.0.6001
Current
8
2010 (planned)
Windows 7 (codenamed Blackcomb, then Vienna)
NT 6.1.6574.1 (M1 beta release)
Future release

Friday, August 15, 2008

My E- Policy

Students Must



1. Privacy of Others

* Do not copy or look at another person password

*Do not share your private information with others

* Stay on your account do not view someone else's



2. Respect the availibility of electronic resources

* Do not vist restricted websites

* do not abuse your authority

* Stay on the subject



3.Internet Policy

*Do not use unknown websites

*Do not leave the website without teachers recognition



4. E- mail policy

* Do not open restricted e-mails

* Do not send unessary messages



Consequenses

* Students will be suspended from school for a total of 10 days. The students parents will be notified of this action.





Supervision and Monitoring

* All students will be monitored on the computers at all times

* The teacher will observe the websites visted at all times also